The material in this field guide to geometrical optics derives from the treatment of geometrical optics that has evolved as part of the academic programs at the optical sciences center at the university of arizona. If you capture sunlight in a mirror or lens you can feel the heat where the sunlight is reflectedrefracted as a real image but you cannot feel the heat where the sunlight is. Light is an electromagnetic disturbance, and as such is described using maxwells equations, which expresses the relationship between the electric. Charting pendulum motion the line drawn is sinusoidal, and can be described by the equation x acos. Mir ror s and lenses click er questions question p1. Assumes that light is a stream of particles called photon. Introduction to optics part i overview lecture space systems engineering presented by. You can understand the operation of these instruments without knowing anything about newtons laws, kinetic and potential energy, electric or magnetic fields, or the particle and wave nature of matter. Light is an electromagnetic disturbance, and as such is described using maxwells equations, which.
Geometrical optics definition of geometrical optics by. In this module, you will learn about one of the two main divisions of basic opticsgeometrical ray optics. When an object is placed in front of a plane mirror the image is. The volume is organised such that the single spherical refracting surface is the basic optical element.
Explain how an image is formed by a converging lens using ray diagrams. Pedrotti cord waco, texas optics is the cornerstone of photonics systems and applications. This optics the study of light worksheet is suitable for 9th 12th grade. How changing the lens radius, index and diameter effects where the image appears and how it looks magnification, brightness and inversion. Students will be able to explain how a converging lens makes images. Use the led lights and fiber optic cables to transmit messages among your groups. Camera obscura directions and worksheet lens lab lens ray diagram worksheet goal 16 practice test. They answer matching questions about light rays, light behavior and types of lenses. The light ray in geometrical optics is an instrument which is used to approximate models of how the light will propagate.
Light can behave in many ways like a wave or a packet of photons which travel in a straight line exhibiting the property of rectilinear propagation. Wave properties in general there are two types of waves. If not, maybe you just want to know a little more about your own eyeglasses or contact lenses. Optics physical optics wave optics quantum optics geometrical optics. Purchase the geometrical optics workbook 1st edition. Morse code worksheet answers optics and anthony johnson. Geometrical optics definition is a branch of optics that deals with those phenomena of reflection and refraction that can be mathematically deduced from simple empirical laws. Thin lenses are those whose thickness is small compared to their radius of.
Concept questions for physics using phet inquiry based algebrabased physics semester one lessons, clicker questions, and schedule in pdf inquiry based. A upright, magnified and real b upright, the same size and virtual c inverted, demagnified and real d inverted, magnified and virtual. A light ray from a source goes in a straight line through the air, but when it encounters a lens, prism, or mirror it bends or changes direction. Optics describe the light propagation in terms of the light ray. Optics worksheets pdf physics 11 optics worksheet 2. Geometrical optics will help you understand the basics of light reflection and refraction and the use of simple optical elements such as mirrors, prisms, lenses. Fermats principle leads to principle of reversibility. The most common lenses are circular with two faces, each being portion of a sphere. The type of mirror you are most familiar with is called a plane mirror. Optics notes topics in these notes are wave properties polarization focal lengths geometrical optics i. Each person should create a short message, and then transmit it through the fiber optic cable using morse. This is because we observe the processes emission, reflection, scattering at a distance 10cms with bare eyes that are much longer than the wavelength of light 107. Students will learn about refraction, lenses, and mirrors.
Your first thought is probably, what do we care about mirrors on airplanes for. How changing the lens effects where the image appears and how it looks trish loeblein lorado. In the module to follow, you will learn about the otherphysical wave optics. In geometric optics, the following statements are true for real and virtual images. Watch how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, move the lens, or move the screen.
Morse code worksheet answers optics and anthony johnson date. Geometrical optics is the treatment of the passage of light through lenses, prisms, etc. A spherical concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 40. For this light and optics worksheet, 11th graders fill in 7 blanks about the nature of light, draw 9 diagrams to illustrate reflection, refraction, lenses and color. Geometric optics electricity and magnetism heat and thermodynamics physical optics max fairbairns planetary photometry integrals and differential equations. If you are planning to go into a veterinary or medical field, you might be helping patients with eye problems. Geometrical optics deals with the propagation of light in a straight line and phenomena such as reflection, refraction, polarization, etc. Like in mirrors, the lenses surfaces can be convex, concave or plane. Nature of light, geometrical optics, optical instrumentation, dispersion, prisms, and aberrations, wave equations, em waves, polarization, fresnel equations, production of polarized light, superposition of waves interference of light, coherence, fraunhofer diffraction, fourier optics, characteristics. Light and geometrical optics test 1 kaplan 3 passage i questions 16 figure 1 shows a simplified model of the eye that is based on the assumption that all of the refraction of entering light occurs at the cornea.
This field guide derives from the treatment of geometrical optics that has evolved from both the undergraduate and graduate programs at the optical sciences center at the university of arizona. Optics notes massachusetts institute of technology. Refer to the following information for the next nine questions. Ap physics geometric optics well start off our exploration of optics with the topic of mirrors. In this optics worksheet, learners read about refraction and reflection, lenses and mirrors, and objects and images. Question an object is located on the optical axis and a distance of 8 cm from a thin conver ging lens having focal length 10 cm. Light and optics c 1 r i t i 2 c a l o n v 3 i r t u a l l v i o p 4 r i s m s u s i r 5 e d i b b l l s 6 p 7 e c t r u m c 8 o n v 9 e x h o a o a 10 w 11 r 12 n c r e 14 s t t 15 m a e c u r o r p v f a u e n o l e r v m c u i l a e s 16 t r a i g h t e c h u n t d g i r 17 e f l e c t i o n h n across down 1. Optics basics student worksheet answer the following questions.
Ap optics free response questions page 2 1983 q5 the concave mirror shown above has a focal length of 20 centimeters. Optics 2 the subject of geometrical optics is the study of the behavior of light when the phenomena can be explained by ray tracing, where shadows are sharp and. Find light and optics lesson plans and teaching resources. An ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate level courses in geometrical optics, this book will also interest those wanting to learn the concepts and theory of geometrical optics. Prepared by the center for history of physics at aip 1 morse code worksheet answers. An object 3 centimeters high is placed 15 centimeters in front of the mirror. Continuing the a level physics revision series with geometric optics. General physics 2 geometric optics 16 sign conventions focal length positive for converging lenses negative for diverging lenses object distance positive if the object is on the side of the lens from which the light is coming this is usually the case otherwise, it is negative virtual object. The light source is now held in the air and illuminates the film at. Geometric optics a level physics teaching resources.
Field guide to geometrical optics 2004 greivenkamp. A ray of light gives the direction of propagation of light. This book is the culmination of twentyfive years of teaching geometrical optics. Includes lesson plan, stepbystep student directions, and a set of clicker questions with answers provided for use in formative assessment. A candle is placed 15 cm from the vertex of a concave mirror that has a focal length of 10 cm. Nasa goddard photo and video, via flickr learning objectives 25. Ap optics free response questions page 17 in one section of the pool, there is a thin film of oil on the surface of the water. Light rays tend to bend at the interface of two different medium where the refractive index changes. Each chapter contains worked examples, and there are exercises to reinforce the readers understanding of material. Archimedes and other ancient greek thinkers made original contributions but we mention here heron of alexandria c.
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